Data, research and analysis
Finance.
Money. Banking.
Understand the institutions, markets and systems that move money, from bank balance sheets and global capital flows to household wealth.
Explore finance
81 destinationsCrises & Sovereign
10
- CrisesTwo centuries of crises, five chronologies
- Crisis PatternsWhat macro data does before a crisis
- Early WarningA banking-crisis logit, scored out of sample against the credit-gap benchmark
- R-ZoneCredit and price booms jointly, backtested and live
- SovereignDebt-to-GDP against crisis-onset benchmarks
- Public FinanceUS state and local revenue, spending, and municipal debt
- External DebtWho developing countries owe, and on what terms
- HaircutsCreditor losses in restructurings since 1823
- China LendingWhat borrowers owe China
- External PositionsNIIP and external balance-sheet composition
Banking
18
- BanksA health score for every FDIC-insured bank
- FragilityUnrealized losses against uninsured funding, per bank
- Failure NowcastFour-quarter failure odds from call-report ratios, walked forward
- Deposit BetasHow deposit rates follow the Fed, three hiking cycles
- Holding CompaniesThe FR Y-9C consolidated layer
- DepositsSummary of Deposits by state, county, branch
- Credit UnionsThree decades of NCUA call reports
- SystemicLRMES, MES, CoVaR and the absorption ratio, from equity returns
- ConditionsFCI, credit gap, yield curve, stress indices
- Fed Balance SheetWeekly Federal Reserve assets and liabilities from H.4.1
- Central BanksFive major balance sheets, level and % of GDP
- FundingRepo and money-fund volumes from the OFR monitor
- Money FundsMMF assets by category and holdings, from SEC Form N-MFP
- Fund FlowsOpen-end fund subscriptions and redemptions, from SEC Form N-PORT
- AdvisersRegistered investment advisers and reported regulatory assets under management
- OwnershipWho owns the lenders, from the GLEIF legal-entity graph
- EnforcementPublic supervisory actions, Fed and OCC
- BangladeshSystem-level banking soundness, aggregates only
Credit & Markets
27
- LendingThe HMDA loan-level register
- MortgageApplications, originations and denials from 2007
- UnderwritingApproval odds for an observationally identical application, from a logit on HMDA
- SecuritizationAgency and private-label MBS and ABS outstanding
- FilingsAs-filed XBRL from SEC data sets
- RatesThe Treasury curve and every 2s10s inversion
- FactorsDid the Fama-French factors pay?
- ReturnsReal returns since 1870 in 16 economies
- ValuationCAPE and the ten years that follow it
- ExpectationsSPF consensus paths and forecast revisions
- Corporate CreditThe credit spread record since 1919
- Financial FlowsThe Z.1 financial accounts and the Fed balance sheet, in one index
- Sector Flow of FundsQuarterly Z.1 sector balance sheets and net lending
- Flow of Funds MatrixThe Z.1 instrument-by-sector levels matrix
- Net Lending by SectorThe quarterly Z.1 sector financial balance identity
- Who Holds What?Treasuries, equities, and mortgages ranked by holder
- Household Balance SheetThe complete quarterly Z.1 household balance sheet
- PositioningCFTC futures positioning by trader class
- Institutional HoldingsHow crowded institutional positions are, from SEC Form 13F
- CommoditiesEIA energy prices, fuels, US production and inventories
- DerivativesBIS OTC notionals, CDS, and Triennial FX turnover
- Digital AssetsCME crypto positioning and the BIS CBDC tracker
- ConsumerSeventeen million CFPB complaints, counted
- Consumer CreditG.19 volumes, terms, and bank delinquency rates
- Small BusinessSBA 7(a) and 504 losses by vintage and by lender
- Private CapitalRegulation D private offerings, resolved across amendments
- HousingHouse prices around banking crises
World
12
- ReservesCOFER currency composition since 1999
- Bank ClaimsBIS lending read from the creditor side
- Cross-BorderWho funds a given country
- RemittancesReceipts, corridors, and GDP shares
- InclusionFindex account ownership and its gaps
- PaymentsHow the world pays, and the wholesale rails
- InsurancePremiums, penetration and solvency worldwide
- PensionsFunded pension assets and the DB to DC shift
- FincrimeFATF lists and OFAC aggregates, verbatim
- RankingsEconomies ranked on each country indicator
- Compare economiesTwo country profiles, with each observation dated
- CountriesOne canonical page per country
Wealth & distribution
4
Research
10
- AnalystCitation-first AI over the whole estate
- ResearchClassic results re-run on the estate
- BriefsDated, cited analysis notes
- LibraryCentral-banking text corpora, explored
- DataEvery dataset, its licence, its source
- APIMachine-readable model outputs and created indices
- MethodologyHow every figure is computed
- MethodsAuditable cards for published models
- VerificationNightly checks of served figures against the official publications
- ExploreBrowse the estate by topic, entity, dataset, or research
Latest readings
Latest available observations; dates vary by seriesFinObservatory FCI
-0.68
loose, 33rd percentile
1991Through 2026Q1
US credit-to-GDP gap
-11.5 pp
Basel III signal: normal
1947Through 2025Q4
10y–2y Treasury slope
+0.51 pp
positive
1976Through Aug 14, 2026
Shiller CAPE
41.4
99th percentile of all months
1881Through Jul 1, 2026
USD share of allocated FX reserves
57.1%
-14.1 pp since 1999-Q1
1999Through 2026-Q1
Baa–10y Treasury spread
+1.67 pp
18th percentile
1986Through Aug 13, 2026
Financial crisis history
Financial crises across the historical recordexplore the chronology
4,798 banking, currency and sovereign-debt crisis events across 165 economies, 1800–2025, by decade.
BankingCurrencySovereign debt
Hover, tap or focus a decade to see crisis counts.
The current decade is partial because the five source chronologies end in different years.
Latest briefs
all briefs · 6 min
The one series that saw the panic is published two years late
In the quarter Silicon Valley Bank failed, banks drew more from the Fed's discount window than in the whole of the rest of the disclosed record put together. By law, nobody outside the Fed could see it for two years. That is not a scandal. It is the price of the window working at all, and it puts a hard ceiling on what any early-warning system can do.
· 7 min
A banking system does not lose half its capital in a profitable year
In 2024 Bangladesh's banks reported a profit, and reported capital adequacy more than halving. Both cannot describe the same year. The arithmetic says what happened: the losses were already there, and the accounts had not said so.
· 6 min
Every model here is published beside the thing that beats it
FinObservatory runs three predictive models. Each one is scored against the simplest rival that could embarrass it: one ratio, or one variable. Two of the three lose outright. The third wins by so little, against a rival so crude, that the conclusion does not change.
How fresh is the data
full catalog and licencesObservation dates in the datasets used here. The catalog includes release schedules, source links and coverage for quarterly and annual series.